标准电极电势表

标准电极电势表

主条目:标准电极电势

建議此條目或章節與标准电极电势合并。(討論)

建議将此條目或章節併入標準電極電勢。(討論)

标准电极电势可以用来计算化学电池或原电池的电化学势或电极电势。

标准电极电位是以标准氢原子作为参比电极,即氢的标准电极电位值定为0,与氢标准电极比较,电位较高者为正,电位较低者为负。

表中电极电势以以下條件測得((s):固體;(l):液體;(g):氣體;(aq):水溶液;(Hg):汞齊):

參比電極:標準氫電極,所有離子的數據都在水溶液測得[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]

活性度:統一為純固體、純液體或水溶液

溫度:298.15K/25攝氏度

水溶液或汞齊之有效離子濃度:每公升1摩

氣體反應物分壓:1大氣壓/101325帕

单击頂栏箭咀可将数据按元素符号、反應物、產物或标准电极电势值排序。

元素

氧化劑

半反應

還原劑

E°(V)[註 1]

來源

-9

9

Ba++e⁻

Ba(s)

−4.38

[10][11][12]

Sr++e⁻

Sr(s)

−4.10

[13][10][11][14]

Ca++e⁻

Ca(s)

−3.8

[13][10][11][14]

Th⁴⁺+e⁻

Th³⁺

−3.6

[15]

Pr³⁺+e⁻

Pr²⁺

−3.1

[13]

3N2(g)+2H⁺+2e⁻

2HN3(aq)

−3.09

[16]

Li++e⁻

Li(s)

−3.0401

[17]

N2(g)+4H₂O+2e⁻

2NH2OH(aq)+2OH⁻

−3.04

[16]

Cs++e⁻

Cs(s)

−3.026

[17]

Ca(OH)2(s)+2e⁻

Ca(s)+2OH⁻

−3.02

[13]

Er3++e⁻

Er2+

−3.0

[13]

Ba(OH)2(s)+2e⁻

Ba(s)+2OH⁻

−2.99

[13]

Rb++e⁻

Rb(s)

−2.98

[18]

K++e⁻

K(s)

−2.92

[17]

Mg++e⁻

Mg(s)

−2.93

[12]

Ba2++2e⁻

Ba(s)

−2.912

[17]

La(OH)3(s)+3e⁻

La(s)+3OH⁻

−2.90

[17]

Fr++e⁻

Fr(s)

−2.9

[13]

Sr2++2e⁻

Sr(s)

−2.899

[17]

Sr(OH)2(s)+2e⁻

Sr(s)+2OH⁻

−2.88

[13]

Ca2++2e⁻

Ca(s)

−2.868

[17]

NH+4+e⁻

NH4•

−2.85

Eu2++2e⁻

Eu(s)

−2.812

[17]

Ra2++2e⁻

Ra(s)

−2.8

[17]

Yb2++2e⁻

Yb(s)

−2.76

[13][10]

Na++e⁻

Na(s)

−2.71

[17][19]

Sm2++2e⁻

Sm(s)

−2.68

[13][10]

No2++2e⁻

No(s)

−2.50

[13]

HfO(OH)2(s)+H₂O+4e⁻

Hf(s)+4OH⁻

−2.50

[13]

Th(OH)4(s)+4e⁻

Th(s)+4OH⁻

−2.48

[13]

Md2++2e⁻

Md(s)

−2.40

[13]

La3++3e⁻

La(s)

−2.379

[17]

Y3++3e⁻

Y(s)

−2.372

[17]

Mg2++2e⁻

Mg(s)

−2.372

[17]

ZrO(OH)2(s)+H₂O+4e⁻

Zr(s)+4OH⁻

−2.36

[17]

Pr3++3e⁻

Pr(s)

−2.353

[13]

Ce3++3e⁻

Ce(s)

−2.336

[13]

Er3++3e⁻

Er(s)

−2.331

[13]

Ho3++3e⁻

Ho(s)

−2.33

[13]

Al(OH)−4+3e⁻

Al(s)+4OH⁻

−2.33

Al(OH)3(s)+3e⁻

Al(s)+3OH⁻

−2.31

Tb3++3e⁻

Tb(s)

−2.28

H2(g)+2e⁻

2H−

−2.25

Ac3++3e⁻

Ac(s)

−2.20

Be++e⁻

Be(s)

−2.12

[12]

Cf2++2e⁻

Cf(s)

−2.12

[13]

Am3++3e⁻

Am(s)

−2.048

[13]

Cf3++3e⁻

Cf(s)

−1.94

[13]

Ca2++e⁻

Ca+

−1.936

[17][13]

Am2++2e⁻

Am(s)

−1.9

[13]

Fm3++3e⁻

Fm(s)

−1.89

[13]

Be2++2e⁻

Be(s)

−1.85

Rf4++4e⁻

Rf(s)

−1.67

[20]

U3++3e⁻

U(s)

−1.66

[21]

Al3++3e⁻

Al(s)

−1.66

[19]

Ti2++2e⁻

Ti(s)

−1.63

[19]

Bk2++2e⁻

Bk(s)

−1.6

[13]

ZrO2(s)+4H⁺+4e⁻

Zr(s)+2H₂O

−1.553

[17]

Hf4++4e⁻

Hf(s)

−1.55

[13]

Zr4++4e⁻

Zr(s)

−1.45

[17]

Ti3++3e⁻

Ti(s)

−1.37

[22]

TiO(s)+2H⁺+2e⁻

Ti(s)+H₂O

−1.31

Ti2O3(s)+2H⁺+2e⁻

2TiO(s)+H₂O

−1.23

Zn(OH)2−4+2e⁻

Zn(s)+4OH⁻

−1.199

[23]

Mn2++2e⁻

Mn(s)

−1.185

[23]

Fe(CN)4−6+6H⁺+2e⁻

Fe(s)+6HCN(aq)

−1.16

[24]

V2++2e⁻

V(s)

−1.175

[25]

Te(s)+2e⁻

Te²⁻

−1.143

[25]

Nb3++3e⁻

Nb(s)

−1.099

Sn(s)+4H⁺+4e⁻

SnH4(g)

−1.07

In(OH)3(s)+3e⁻

In(s)+3OH⁻

−0.99

[13]

SiO2(s)+4H⁺+4e⁻

Si(s)+2H₂O

−0.91

B(OH)3(aq)+3H⁺+3e⁻

B(s)+3H₂O

−0.89

Fe(OH)2(s)+2e⁻

Fe(s)+2OH⁻

−0.89

[24]

Fe₂O₃(s)+3H₂O+2e⁻

2Fe(OH)2(s)+2OH⁻

−0.86

[24]

TiO2++2H⁺+4e⁻

Ti(s)+H₂O

−0.86

2H₂O+2e⁻

H2(g)+2OH⁻

−0.8277

[17]

Bi(s)+3H⁺+3e⁻

BiH3

−0.8

[23]

Zn2++2e⁻

Zn(Hg)

−0.7628

[17]

Zn2++2e⁻

Zn(s)

−0.7618

[17]

Ta2O5(s)+10H⁺+10e⁻

2Ta(s)+5H₂O

−0.75

Cr3++3e⁻

Cr(s)

−0.74

[Au(CN)−2]+e⁻

Au(s)+2CN−

−0.60

Ta3++3e⁻

Ta(s)

−0.6

PbO(s)+H₂O+2e⁻

Pb(s)+2OH⁻

−0.58

2TiO2(s)+2H⁺+2e⁻

Ti2O3(s)+H₂O

−0.56

Ga3++3e⁻

Ga(s)

−0.53

U4++e⁻

U3+

−0.52

[21]

H3PO2(aq)+H⁺+e⁻

P(白)[26]+2H₂O

−0.508

[17]

H3PO3(aq)+2H⁺+2e⁻

H3PO2(aq)+H₂O

−0.499

[17]

H3PO3(aq)+3H⁺+3e⁻

P(红)[26]+3H₂O

−0.454

[17]

Fe2++2e⁻

Fe(s)

−0.44

[19]

2CO2(g)+2H⁺+2e⁻

(HO₂C)₂(aq)

−0.43

Cr3++e⁻

Cr2+

−0.42

Cd2++2e⁻

Cd(s)

−0.40

[19]

SeO2−3+4e⁻+3H₂O

Se+6OH⁻

−0.37

[27]

GeO2(s)+2H⁺+2e⁻

GeO(s)+H₂O

−0.37

Cu2O(s)+H₂O+2e⁻

2Cu(s)+2OH⁻

−0.360

[17]

PbSO4(s)+2e⁻

Pb(s)+SO2−4

−0.3588

[17]

PbSO4(s)+2e⁻

Pb(Hg)+SO2−4

−0.3505

[17]

Eu3++e⁻

Eu2+

−0.35

[21]

In3++3e⁻

In(s)

−0.34

[25]

Tl++e⁻

Tl(s)

−0.34

[25]

B3++3e⁻

B(s)

−0.31

Ge(s)+4H⁺+4e⁻

GeH4(g)

−0.29

Co2++2e⁻

Co(s)

−0.28

[17]

H3PO4(aq)+2H⁺+2e⁻

H3PO3(aq)+H₂O

−0.276

[17]

V3++e⁻

V2+

−0.26

[19]

Ni2++2e⁻

Ni(s)

−0.25

As(s)+3H⁺+3e⁻

AsH3(g)

−0.23

[25]

AgI(s)+e⁻

Ag(s)+I−

−0.15224

[23]

MoO2(s)+4H⁺+4e⁻

Mo(s)+2H₂O

−0.15

Si(s)+4H⁺+4e⁻

SiH4(g)

−0.14

Sn2++2e⁻

Sn(s)

−0.13

O2(g)+H⁺+e⁻

HO2•(aq)

−0.13

Pb2++2e⁻

Pb(s)

−0.13

[19]

WO2(s)+4H⁺+4e⁻

W(s)+2H₂O

−0.12

P(红)+3H⁺+3e⁻

PH3(g)

−0.111

[17]

CO2(g)+2H⁺+2e⁻

HCOOH(aq)

−0.11

Se(s)+2H⁺+2e⁻

H2Se(g)

−0.11

CO2(g)+2H⁺+2e⁻

CO(g)+H₂O

−0.11

SnO(s)+2H⁺+2e⁻

Sn(s)+H₂O

−0.10

SnO2(s)+2H⁺+2e⁻

SnO(s)+H₂O

−0.09

WO3(aq)+6H⁺+6e⁻

W(s)+3H₂O

−0.09

[25]

P(白)+3H⁺+3e⁻

PH3(g)

−0.063

[17]

2D++2e⁻

D2(g)

−0.044

Fe3++3e⁻

Fe(s)

−0.04

[24]

碳(甲酸)

HCO₂H(aq)+2H⁺+2e⁻

HCHO(aq)+H₂O

−0.03

2H⁺+2e⁻

H2(g)

−0.00

≡0

AgBr(s)+e⁻

Ag(s)+Br⁻

+0.07133

[23]

S4O2−6+2e⁻

2S2O2−3

+0.08

Fe3O4(s)+8H⁺+8e⁻

3Fe(s)+4H₂O

+0.085

[28]

N2(g)+2H₂O+6H⁺+6e⁻

2NH4OH(aq)

+0.092

HgO(s)+H₂O+2e⁻

Hg(l)+2OH⁻

+0.0977

Cu(NH3)2+4+e⁻

Cu(NH3)+2+2NH3

+0.10

[25]

Ru(NH₃)₆³⁺+e⁻

Ru(NH₃)₆²⁺

+0.10

[21]

N2H4(aq)+4H₂O+2e⁻

2NH+4+4OH⁻

+0.11

[16]

H2MoO4(aq)+6H⁺+6e⁻

Mo(s)+4H₂O

+0.11

Ge4++4e⁻

Ge(s)

+0.12

C(s)+4H⁺+4e⁻

CH4(g)

+0.13

[25]

HCHO(aq)+2H⁺+2e⁻

CH3OH(aq)

+0.13

S(s)+2H⁺+2e⁻

H2S(g)

+0.14

Sn4++2e⁻

Sn2+

+0.15

Cu2++e⁻

Cu+

+0.159

[25]

HSO−4+3H⁺+2e⁻

SO2(aq)+2H₂O

+0.16

UO2+2+e⁻

UO+2

+0.163

[21]

SO2−4+4H⁺+2e⁻

SO2(aq)+2H₂O

+0.17

TiO2++2H⁺+e⁻

Ti3++H₂O

+0.19

Bi3++2e⁻

Bi+

+0.2

SbO++2H⁺+3e⁻

Sb(s)+H₂O

+0.20

CO2(g)+4H⁺+4e⁻

C(s)+2H₂O

+0.205

AgCl(s)+e⁻

Ag(s)+Cl−

+0.22233

[23]

H3AsO3(aq)+3H⁺+3e⁻

As(s)+3H₂O

+0.24

GeO(s)+2H⁺+2e⁻

Ge(s)+H₂O

+0.26

UO+2+4H⁺+e⁻

U4++2H₂O

+0.273

[21]

At2+e⁻

2At−

+0.3

[13]

Re3++3e⁻

Re(s)

+0.300

Bi3++3e⁻

Bi(s)

+0.32

VO2++2H⁺+e⁻

V3++H₂O

+0.34

Cu2++2e⁻

Cu(s)

+0.340

[25]

鐵氰

[Fe(CN)6]3−+e⁻

[Fe(CN)₆]₄⁻

+0.36

Tc2++2e⁻

Tc(s)

+0.40

[13]

O2(g)+2H₂O+4e⁻

4OH⁻(aq)

+0.40

[19]

H2MoO4+6H⁺+3e⁻

Mo3++2H₂O

+0.43

Ru2++2e⁻

Ru(s)

+0.455

[13]

Bi++e⁻

Bi(s)

+0.50

CH3OH(aq)+2H⁺+2e⁻

CH4(g)+H₂O

+0.50

SO2(aq)+4H⁺+4e⁻

S(s)+2H₂O

+0.50

Cu++e⁻

Cu(s)

+0.520

[25]

CO(g)+2H⁺+2e⁻

C(s)+H₂O

+0.52

I−3+2e⁻

3I−

+0.53

[19]

I2(s)+2e⁻

2I−

+0.54

[19]

[AuI−4]+3e⁻

Au(s)+4I−

+0.56

H3AsO4(aq)+2H⁺+2e⁻

H3AsO3(aq)+H₂O

+0.56

[AuI2]−+e⁻

Au(s)+2I−

+0.58

MnO−4+2H₂O+3e⁻

MnO2(s)+4OH⁻

+0.59

Rh++e⁻

Rh(s)

+0.600

[13]

S2O2−3+6H⁺+4e⁻

2S(s)+3H₂O

+0.60

鐵(二茂鐵)

Fe(C5H5)2+e⁻

Fe(C5H5)2(s)

+0.641

[29]

CH₃CO₂Ag+e⁻

Ag+CH₃CO₂⁻

+0.643

[13]

H2MoO4(aq)+2H⁺+2e⁻

MoO2(s)+2H₂O

+0.65

苯醌

+2H⁺+2e⁻

+0.6992

[23]

O2(g)+2H⁺+2e⁻

H2O2(aq)

+0.70

Tl3++3e⁻

Tl(s)

+0.72

鉑氯

PtCl2−6+2e⁻

PtCl2−4+2Cl−

+0.726

[21]

H2SeO3(aq)+4H⁺+4e⁻

Se(s)+3H₂O

+0.74

Rh3++3e⁻

Rh(s)

+0.758

[13]

PtCl2−4+2e⁻

Pt(s)+4Cl−

+0.758

[21]

Fe3++e⁻

Fe2+

+0.77

Ag++e⁻

Ag(s)

+0.7996

[17]

Hg2+2+2e⁻

2Hg(l)

+0.80

氮(硝)

NO−3(aq)+2H⁺+e⁻

NO2(g)+H₂O

+0.80

FeO2−4+5H₂O+6e⁻

Fe2O3(s)+10OH⁻

+0.81

[24]

[AuBr4]−+3e⁻

Au(s)+4Br−

+0.85

Hg2++2e⁻

Hg(l)

+0.85

MnO−4+H⁺+e⁻

HMnO−4

+0.90

2Hg2++2e⁻

Hg2+2

+0.91

[25]

Pd2++2e⁻

Pd(s)

+0.915

[21]

[AuCl4]−+3e⁻

Au(s)+4Cl−

+0.93

MnO2(s)+4H⁺+e⁻

Mn3++2H₂O

+0.95

[AuBr2]−+e⁻

Au(s)+2Br−

+0.96

[HXeO6]3−+2H₂O+2e⁻

[HXeO4]−+4OH⁻

+0.99

[30]

氮(硝)

HNO2+H⁺+e⁻

NO(g)+H₂O

+0.996

H6TeO6(aq)+2H⁺+2e⁻

TeO2(s)+4H₂O

+1.02

[31]

Br2(l)+2e⁻

2Br−

+1.065

Br2(aq)+2e⁻

2Br−

+1.087

[19]

氮(硝)

NO2(g)+H⁺+e⁻

HNO2

+1.093

IO−3+5H⁺+4e⁻

HIO(aq)+2H₂O

+1.13

[AuCl−2]+e⁻

Au(s)+2Cl−

+1.15

HSeO−4+3H⁺+2e⁻

H2SeO3(aq)+H₂O

+1.15

Ir3++3e⁻

Ir(s)

+1.156

[13]

Ag2O(s)+2H⁺+2e⁻

2Ag(s)+H₂O

+1.17

ClO−3+2H⁺+e⁻

ClO2(g)+H₂O

+1.18

[HXeO6]3−+5H₂O+8e⁻

Xe(g)+11OH⁻

+1.18

[30]

Pt2++2e⁻

Pt(s)

+1.188

[21]

ClO2(g)+H⁺+e⁻

HClO2(aq)

+1.19

2IO−3+12H⁺+10e⁻

I2(s)+6H₂O

+1.20

ClO−4+2H⁺+2e⁻

ClO−3+H₂O

+1.20

O2(g)+4H⁺+4e⁻

2H₂O

+1.229

[19]

MnO2(s)+4H⁺+2e⁻

Mn2++2H₂O

+1.23

[HXeO4]−+3H₂O+6e⁻

Xe(g)+7OH⁻

+1.24

[30]

Tl3++2e⁻

Tl+

+1.25

Cr2O2−7+14H⁺+6e⁻

2Cr3++7H₂O

+1.33

Cl2(g)+2e⁻

2Cl−

+1.36

[19]

CoO2(s)+4H⁺+e⁻

Co3++2H₂O

+1.42

2NH3OH++H⁺+2e⁻

N2H+5+2H₂O

+1.42

[16]

2HIO(aq)+2H⁺+2e⁻

I2(s)+2H₂O

+1.44

Ce4++e⁻

Ce3+

+1.44

BrO−3+5H⁺+4e⁻

HBrO(aq)+2H₂O

+1.45

β-PbO2(s)+4H⁺+2e⁻

Pb2++2H₂O

+1.460

[25]

α-PbO2(s)+4H⁺+2e⁻

Pb2++2H₂O

+1.468

[25]

2BrO−3+12H⁺+10e⁻

Br2(l)+6H₂O

+1.48

2ClO−3+12H⁺+10e⁻

Cl2(g)+6H₂O

+1.49

氧(超氧)

HO2+H⁺+e⁻

H2O2

+1.495

[13]

MnO−4+8H⁺+5e⁻

Mn2++4H₂O

+1.51

HO2•+H⁺+e⁻

H2O2(aq)

+1.51

Au3++3e⁻

Au(s)

+1.52

NiO2(s)+4H⁺+2e⁻

Ni2++2OH⁻

+1.59

HClO(aq)+2H⁺+2e⁻

Cl2(g)+2H₂O

+1.63

Ag2O3(s)+6H⁺+4e⁻

2Ag++3H₂O

+1.67

HClO2(aq)+2H⁺+2e⁻

HClO(aq)+H₂O

+1.67

Pb4++2e⁻

Pb2+

+1.69

[25]

MnO−4+4H⁺+3e⁻

MnO2(s)+2H₂O

+1.70

AgO(s)+2H⁺+e⁻

Ag++H₂O

+1.77

氧(過氧)

H2O2(aq)+2H⁺+2e⁻

2H₂O

+1.776

Co3++e⁻

Co2+

+1.82

Au++e⁻

Au(s)

+1.83

[25]

BrO−4+2H⁺+2e⁻

BrO−3+H₂O

+1.85

Ag2++e⁻

Ag+

+1.98

[25]

氧(過氧)

S2O2−8+2e⁻

2SO2−4

+2.07

O3(g)+2H⁺+2e⁻

O2(g)+H₂O

+2.075

[21]

HMnO−4+3H⁺+2e⁻

MnO2(s)+2H₂O

+2.09

XeO3(aq)+6H⁺+6e⁻

Xe(g)+3H₂O

+2.12

[30]

氧(氟氧)

OF₂+2H⁺+4e⁻

2F−+H₂O

+2.153

[13]

H4XeO6(aq)+8H⁺+8e⁻

Xe(g)+6H₂O

+2.18

[30]

FeO2−4+8H⁺+3e⁻

Fe3++4H₂O

+2.20

[32]

XeF2(aq)+2H⁺+2e⁻

Xe(g)+2HF(aq)

+2.32

[30]

H4XeO6(aq)+2H⁺+2e⁻

XeO3(aq)+H₂O

+2.42

[30]

F2(g)+2e⁻

2F−

+2.87

[25][19]

F2(g)+2H⁺+2e⁻

2HF(aq)

+3.05

[25]

Tb4++e⁻

Tb3+

+3.05

[13]

^ 在Safari的v.4.0.3或更早版本(v4.0.5可正常工作)上单击这一列可能不会工作。在这种情况下仅仅需要刷新页面恢复原始顺序。

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